The first changes, the skin goes through, during the activation cycle of acne outbreaks are excess amounts of sebum that the sebaceous glands release. An excess production of sebum can be due to hormonal changes and stress, among other factors. Mid-back, chest, forehead, nose and chin are where larger amounts of sebaceous glands are found which can explain why these areas are more affected by skin problems.
Sebaceous glands are located deep within the skin. Each follicle connects to a sebaceous gland that contains a tiny hair. An oily substance called sebum is released by the sebaceous glands, and its purpose is to lubricate the follicle and the surrounding skin. These glands are found virtually in every part of the body.
Hormones (specifically androgen hormones) stimulate the sebaceous gland to produce sebum. In both sexes, androgens are also produced by the adrenal glands. Hormonal changes during puberty and stressful situations cause the adrenal glands to release an excess amount of hormones causing an enlargement of the oil glands.
Sebum and dead skin cells can accumulate in the follicle causing it to clog. Whiteheads and blackheads are the most common comedones and are generally caused due to the build-up of oil and dead skin cells.
Propionibacterium acnes are microbes that are a part of the dermis' biological defense mechanism. The purpose is to keep other harmful bacteria away. The blockage of the follicle by sebum and dead skin cells traps P. acnes within the pore. The bacteria can breed inside the blocked follicle and change its chemical structure causing irritation and inflammation of the dermis.
The effects of acne blemishes
The consequences of acne outbreaks can lead to red, puffy, sensitive or even itchy skin.
Acne vulgaris is the most common type of acne. It can occur in different stages. Mild acne is characterized by the most common types of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads).
More severe cases are usually identified by big painful masses under the skin. These masses are called cysts or nodules and are the most usual types of severe acne. The rupture of nodules and cysts can create big openings that can lead to acne scarring.
Light, intermediate and severe acne can have an impact on your dermis. Individuals that suffer from acne tend to pick at the infected areas not knowing that this can trigger more skin blemishes.
Irritation and inflammation can be due to self inflicted scratching and picking which patients are not aware of. Smooth, supple and blemish-free surfaces are attained by the proper care and attention to your skin.
By: Grant Ferns
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